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A Process Flow Diagram (PFD) is a schematic illustration used in chemical and process engineering to indicate the general flow of plant processes and equipment. It helps visualize the relationship between major components in a system.

A standard PFD generally includes major process piping, key equipment items (such as vessels, pumps, and heat exchangers), control valves, critical bypass lines, and operational data like temperature and pressure indicators.

While a PFD provides a high-level overview of the process flow and major equipment, a P&ID (Piping and Instrumentation Diagram) contains highly technical details, including minor piping, instrument symbols, safety requirements, and exact physical configurations.

PFDs are essential for conceptual design, training operators, auditing operations, and optimizing processes. They serve as a foundational document for developing more detailed engineering schematics like P&IDs.

PFDs utilize standardized symbols defined by organizations like ISO or ANSI. These include specific shapes for pumps, compressors, columns, heat exchangers, and directional arrows indicating flow paths.