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A Process Flow Diagram (PFD) is a schematic illustration used in chemical and process engineering to indicate the general flow of plant processes and equipment. It displays the relationship between major components in a system.

Typically, a PFD includes major equipment (such as vessels, pumps, and reactors), main process piping, direction of flow, control valves, and key operational data like temperature and pressure.

While a PFD shows the conceptual flow of a process and major equipment, a Piping and Instrumentation Diagram (P&ID) is much more detailed, showing all piping, instrumentation, control systems, and safety details.

It provides a clear visual overview of the entire system, which helps engineers, operators, and stakeholders understand the process, identify potential bottlenecks, and train new personnel effectively.

Standardized symbols defined by organizations like ISO or ANSI are used to represent equipment such as heat exchangers, columns, compressors, and pumps to ensure universal understanding.